UDP Socket Coding Back

  • UDP
    • does not ensure for the arrival of datagrams
      • solved by overtime or Resend
      • solved by Serial Number of datagrams
    • does not ensure for the order of datagrams
    • does not have Flow Control
      • solved by Programming
  • Proerties of connected UDP
    • clients should call connect(), but there is not the process of three-way handshaking. connect() is used to mark down IP and port
    • do not need to set the address of the server when sending datagram
    • can only receive datagrams from the specifical server.
  • Server of UDP:
    • do not accept, but bind to the port
    • loop for handling datagrams from different clients.
  • Client of UDP:
    • do not connect, but choose a port when firstly calls sendto()
    • can receive any datagram from any host
    • will probably be blocked forever
  • Model of UDP Socket Coding

1. recvfrom()

  • recvfrom get one datagram from buffer each time, and will be blocked when there is no datagram
  • empty datagram does not mean that the opposite end has stopped to send
method
int recvfrom(int sockfd, void* buf, int len, unsigned char flags, struct socketaddr* from, socklen_t* addrlen)
parameters
  • 前四個參數與recv()相同
  • from: 發送者socket地址, NULL表示不需要
  • addrlen: socket地址長度, from為NULL時必須設置為NULL
return value
  • >=0: success
  • -1: failure

2. sendto()

  • the socket address of receiver must be clear when calling sendto()
  • there is no sending buffer for UDP
  • allow to send empty datagram, and return 0 after calling sendto()
method
int sendto(int sockfd, const void* buf, int len, unsigned char flags, struct socketaddr* to, int tolen)
parameters
  • 前四個參數與send()相同
  • to: 接收者socket地址
  • tolen: socket地址長度
return value
  • >=0: success
  • -1: failure
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